Document Type
Article
Publication Date
8-2013
Publication Source
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Volume Number
123
Issue Number
8
First Page
3353
Last Page
3362
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN
0021-9738
Abstract
Vaccine development for the blood stages of malaria has focused on the induction of antibodies to parasite surface antigens, most of which are highly polymorphic. An alternate strategy has evolved from observations that low-density infections can induce antibody-independent immunity to different strains. To test this strategy, we treated parasitized red blood cells from the rodent parasite Plasmodium chabaudi with secocyclopropyl pyrrolo indole analogs. These drugs irreversibly alkylate parasite DNA, blocking their ability to replicate. After administration in mice, DNA from the vaccine could be detected in the blood for over 110 days and a single vaccination induced profound immunity to different malaria parasite species. Immunity was mediated by CD4(+) T cells and was dependent on the red blood cell membrane remaining intact. The human parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, could also be attenuated by treatment with seco-cyclopropyl pyrrolo indole analogs. These data demonstrate that vaccination with chemically attenuated parasites induces protective immunity and provide a compelling rationale for testing a blood-stage parasite-based vaccine targeting human Plasmodium species.
Keywords
Blood-stage Malaria, Plasmodium-falciparum Growth, Cell-mediated-immunity, Cd4(+) T-cells, Subpatent Infection, Vaccine Development, Sterile Immunity, Murine Malaria, Antibody Titer, In-vivo
Recommended Citation
Good, Michael F., Jennifer M. Reiman, I. Bibiana Rodriguez, Koichi Ito, Stephanie K. Yanow, Ibrahim M. El-Deeb, Michael R. Batzloff, Danielle I. Stanisic, Christian Engwerda, Terry Spithill, Stephen L. Hoffman, Moses Lee and Virginia McPhun. "Cross-Species Malaria Immunity Induced by Chemically Attenuated Parasites." Journal of Clinical Investigation 123, no. 8 (2013): 3353-3362.
